Problem Framing

Instructor

Jeremy Alexis

At its core, Design Planning is an approach to problem solving. And, like all problem solving approaches, Design Planning offers tools and techniques related to four generic steps:

1. Find and define the problem
2. Plan to solve the problem
3. Act on the plan
4. Review our success, make changes for next time

At the Institute of Design, we learn many tools and techniques for step three and four. This class will focus on steps one and two. Designers are asked to solve a range of problems: some are very simple and straightforward, and others are complex. Sometimes we are asked to solve what appears to be a simple problem, but in reality the problem requires a sophisticated analysis and solution.

Problem framing is an important process step for two reasons. First, it is important that we are solving the right problem; a good solution to the wrong problem will not alleviate the pain points that signaled the need to solve a problem in the first place. Additionally, designers can be seen as ineffective if we are solving the wrong problem – the blame for poor outcome will rarely be placed on the problem originator, but rather on the team that developed the solution. Secondly, it is important that required resources are identified early in the project. If a problem is framed too narrowly, the design team will not have the appropriate time, budget, and labor required to address the real issues.

Too often, managers and leaders only see the symptoms of the problem, and do not recognize the real source. Doctors are trained to treat the disease, not the symptoms. Most organizations and teams often do not take the time or do the analyses needed to find the root of the issue. So, the problem as posed to the design team is rarely the real problem. Reframing is needed to ensure that our work has the greatest impact (both on the organization and on our careers).

Format & Grading

This class will be primarily lecture / discussion. Each week the students will be required to read a brief case study and then use the tools discussed in class to solve the case. This work will be completed individually.